Akhtar Romani developed an interest in Urdu language, poetry, and theatre during his college years at St. Xavier's College, Bombay. He was a contemporary of personalities such as Vijay Anand, Mahendra Kapoor, and Ameen Sayani. After completing his college education, he entered Hindi film songwriting in the mid-1950s.
He worked closely with Ameen Sayani as a writer for radio publicity campaigns and became associated with Hindi films through projects such as Hatimtai (1956). His lyric-writing credits include songs from Noor-e-Yaman, Hatimtai, Doctor Z, Insaaf, Raat Andheri Thi, Pyar Ki Baazi, and Haseena Maan Jayegi.
Among his best-known songs are “Bekhudi Mein Sanam Uth Gaye Jo Kadam” from Haseena Maan Jayegi, “Pyar Kiya Hai To Pyar Nibhana” from Pyar Ki Baazi, and “Ye Tune Kya Kaha” from Insaaf.
From the late 1960s onward, Romani increasingly worked as a dialogue writer and screenwriter. He wrote dialogues for films including Do Raaste, Mera Gaon Mera Desh, Ajnabee, Mehbooba, and Kabeela, and also wrote the screenplay for Chunaoti. He also contributed to Urdu ghazals and radio programming.